Water pollution happens when chemicals or dangerous foreign substances are introduced to water, including chemicals, sewage, pesticides and fertilizers from agricultural runoff, or metals like lead or mercury.
Other sources of air pollution can come from within buildings, such as secondhand smoke.
Finally, air pollution can take the form of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide or sulfur dioxide, which are warming the planet through the greenhouse effect.
According to the EPA, the greenhouse effect is when gases absorb the infrared radiation that is released from the Earth, preventing the heat from escaping.
This is a natural process that keeps our atmosphere warm.
Water pollution can also severely affect marine life.
For example, sewage causes pathogens to grow, while organic and inorganic compounds in water can change the composition of the precious resource.According to the EPA, low levels of dissolved oxygen in the water are also considered a pollutant.Dissolved is caused by the decomposition of organic materials, such as sewage introduced into the water. The artificial warming of water is called thermal pollution.Adequate sanitation helps to keep sewage and other contaminants from entering the water supply.According to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), 80% of pollution in marine environment comes from the land through sources like runoff.Another common type of air pollution is dangerous gases, such as sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and chemical vapors.These can take part in further chemical reactions once they are in the atmosphere, creating acid rain and smog.The nutrient works like fertilizer and makes algae grow at excessive rates, according to NOAA. The plants die and their decomposition leads to less oxygen in the water. The air we breathe has a very exact chemical composition; 99% of it is made up of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and inert gases.Air pollution occurs when things that aren't normally there are added to the air.Water pollution isn't just a problem for the United States.According to United Nations, 783 million people do not have access to clean water and around 2.5 billion do not have access to adequate sanitation.
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